Smear tests

Many trans* men are reluctant to get smear tests as they may feel uncomfortable with having female genitalia. Those who have surgeries (hysterectomy) to remove the cervix can ignore this advice, however for those who haven’t, it is still important that cervical smears be done regularly (every 3-5 years after the age of 20 or 21) until the cervix is removed (via a hysterectomy).

These tests are done to check for the presence of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) which affects the majority of sexually active genetic women. Unlike other STIs, however, it can also be passed by skin-to-skin contact and from sharing objects. The virus leads to 99% of cervical cancer cases so it is very important to get smear tests.

The test is done at a time when your period is not due (you may not get a period at all if you are on hormones) and it is advised that in the 24 hours before the examination you don’t have sex. The test itself is not painful and shouldn’t be uncomfortable (if it is, you are welcome to ask the nurse or doctor to stop at any point).

In the test, you will be asked to remove your underwear and to position yourself on a couch. The health professional will then insert a speculum and then, using a small spatula or brush, take a sample from inside. The health professional may also perform a pelvic examination to check the health of the womb as well.

Breast cancer awareness

Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer affecting genetic women (1 in 12 women get breast cancer at some severity). Even after “top surgery” there have still been reported cases of breast cancer in trans* men. It can also affect trans* men who have not had top surgery as well. There has been no evidence to suggest that testosterone decreases the chance of breast cancer. As with getting smear tests, it can be uncomfortable to think of having breasts, but it is important to regularly check the chest area for any noticeable changes that may prevent getting breast cancer. Things to look out for are:

• changes in texture and appearance
• changes in shape and size
• presence of lumps
• redness or rashes
• inversion of the nipple
• swelling in the armpits
• discharge from the nipple
• constant pain in the breasts

It is recommended that trans* men get annual chest exams and regular mammographs especially after the age 50 if you haven’t had chest surgery.